№2-2023

https://doi.org/10.53939/15605655/2023_2_25

Аппазов Н.О., Акылбеков Н.И., Нарманова Р.А., Ахатаев Н.А., Жаппарбергенов Р.У., Канжар С.А.

Түйіндеме: Мақалада күріш қауызы мен сабан сияқты ауылшаруашылық өсімдіктерінің қалдықтарынан биокөмір алу бойынша зерттеулердің нәтижелері келтірілген. Үрдіс ұзақтығы және температура тәрізді термолиздің оңтайлы жағдайлары таңдалды. Термолиз өнімдері йодқа қатысты адсорбциялық белсенділікпен, суға қатысты жалпы кеуек көлемімен және көлемдік тығыздықпен сипатталады. Алынған өнімдердің кеуекті құрылымы сканерлік электронды микроскоп арқылы зерттелді. Зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша термолиз ұзақтығы 30 минут болатын қауыз бен сабаннан алынған биокөмірлердің йод бойынша сорбциялық сипаттамалары және судағы кеуек көлемі төмен екендігі анықталды. Термолиз ұзақтығының ұлғаюымен сорбциялық сипаттамалары жақсарады, қабықшалар үшін оңтайлы термолиз ұзақтығы 500°C температурада 60 минут, ал сабан үшін термолиздің оңтайлы ұзақтығы 300°C температурада 60 минут. Ең жақсы нұсқа – ұзақтығы 60 минут және термолиз температурасы 300°С, йод бойынша адсорбциялық белсенділігі 54,61%, су бойынша жалпы кеуек көлемі 0,941 см3 /г және көлемдік тығыздығы 300°С болатын күріш сабанынан алынған биокөмір. 169,29 г/дм3 . Күріш қауызынан және сабаннан алынған биокөмір 4300 және 5000 есе үлкейту кезінде сканерленген электронды микроскоп арқылы зерттелді, олардың кеуекті құрылымы дамыған.
Түйін сөздер: биочар, күріш қауызы, күріш сабаны, термолиз, қайта өңдеу, тыңайтқыш, жаңартылатын отын.

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